高中英語(yǔ) Unit 21《Human Biology》課件 北師大版選修7

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circulate,abuse,seek,postpone,cancer,unite,pause,routine,thorough,temporary,decline,vote,tolerate,oppose,treat,storage,prohibit,adaptation,faith,equip,in vain,At all costs,Straight away,Wipe out,At any rate,Get through,Be aware of,clear.up,At random,For good,would have broken,had taken part in,being made,have faith that,stop,in its tracks.,Need not have,worried,seems a real pity that,could have benefited from,missed out,,,,,abuse還可用做及物動(dòng)詞。 abuse sb.’s trust/confidence背信棄義 The farmer often abused his wife. 這位農(nóng)夫經(jīng)常虐待他的妻子。,abuse n．濫用；虐待；辱罵,You shouldn’t abuse your eyes. 你不應(yīng)該過(guò)度使用你的眼睛。 I don’t understand why I should put up with this kind of abuse from her.我不明白我為什么要忍受她這樣辱罵我。,1.He was accused________his power for personal gain. A．of abusing B．to abuse C．of using D．using 【解析】 此句意思是：“他被指控以權(quán)謀私?！备鶕?jù)句型結(jié)構(gòu)accuse sb.of (doing) sth.“指控某人(做)某事”?？梢耘懦鼴和D選項(xiàng)。abuse意為“濫用”，根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。 【答案】 A,,recover vt.重新獲得；重新找到；恢復(fù)原狀；恢復(fù)；vi.恢復(fù)健康；恢復(fù),It took a long time for him to recover from a bad cold. 他患重感冒，很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才康復(fù)。,It’s hard to recover lost time.彌補(bǔ)失去的時(shí)間并不容易。 Has the country recovered from the effect of the war yet? 那個(gè)國(guó)家已從戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的影響中恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái)了嗎？,get well恢復(fù)健康 Have a good rest，and you will get well soon. 好好休息一下，你很快就能康復(fù)。,2.He has completely________and will start to work next week. A．discovered B．covered C．recovered D．uncovered 【解析】 句意為“他已完全恢復(fù)健康，下周開(kāi)始工作”。 【答案】 C,,react vi.反應(yīng)；反抗；vt.(指物質(zhì))起化學(xué)反應(yīng),She reacted to the insult by turning her back on him. 她受他侮辱之后就不再理睬他了。 Iron reacts with water and air to produce rust. 鐵與水和空氣起化學(xué)反應(yīng)而生銹。,act as充當(dāng)；擔(dān)任 act for代理 I don’t understand their language；you’ll have to act as interpreter. 我不懂他們的語(yǔ)言，你得當(dāng)翻譯了。,,3.The football player reacted________the judge’s decision by withdrawing from the match. A．on B．to C．a(chǎn)gainst D．by 【解析】 react against反動(dòng)，起反作用，此句意為“反抗”；react on/upon對(duì)……產(chǎn)生影響，反過(guò)來(lái)影響，如：The rise of oil costs reacted on the price of food.石油成本的上升對(duì)食品的價(jià)格有影響。How do acids react on metals？酸對(duì)金屬起什么反應(yīng)？react to對(duì)……作出反應(yīng)，對(duì)……有效，如：How did he react to the news？他對(duì)此消息如何反應(yīng)？ 【答案】 C,,ignore v．忽視；不理；不管,You’ve been ignoring me.你一直不把我放在眼里。 He completely ignored all these facts as if they never existed. 他完全無(wú)視這些事實(shí)，好像它們根本不存在似的。,,(1)ignorant adj.無(wú)知的；愚昧的 be ignorant of/about對(duì)……不知道 (2)ignorance n．無(wú)知；(對(duì)事物)缺乏認(rèn)識(shí) in ignorance of對(duì)……不知道 I was completely ignorant of his plans. 我完全不知道他的計(jì)劃。 Do you mean you were in complete ignorance of the fact? 你是說(shuō)這件事你完全不知情？,,4.—So you didn’t say “hello” to him last night? —Well，I stopped and smiled when I saw him，but he________me and walked on. A．ignored B．refused C．denied D．lost 【解析】 句意為：當(dāng)我看見(jiàn)他時(shí)我停下來(lái)對(duì)他微笑，但他不理睬我繼續(xù)往前走。ignore不理，符合句意。refuse拒絕；deny否認(rèn)；否定；lose丟失均不合題意。 【答案】 A,,seek v．尋找；試圖,The travelers sought shelter from the rain. 旅行者在找地方躲雨。 The company is seeking to improve its profitability. 這家公司正力圖改進(jìn)它的盈利能力。,,look for＝search for 尋找 What are you looking for under the bed? 你正在床下邊找什么？,5.I have never sought________my views. A．hiding B．to hide C．hidden D．to be hidden 【解析】 seek后接動(dòng)詞的不定式形式。 【答案】 B,,tolerate vt.容忍；忍受；寬恕；容許；能經(jīng)受(困難),I won’t tolerate your behaving in this way. 我不能容忍你這樣做。,tolerate，endure，stand與bear用法比較： 在指“容忍”意義時(shí)，tolerate可與stand換用，tolerate更正式；endure可指忍受痛苦、苦難、困難等；tolerate可指容忍不同觀點(diǎn)；stand后除接困難外，更多地接人；bear則指承受重量，負(fù)重等。,,6.用tolerate，stand，bear與endure的適當(dāng)形式填空： (1)The ice was so thin that it couldn’t________his weight. (2)Once you become a member of the organization，you’ll have to learn to________different views and tastes of the people you meet. (3)She________three years in prison for that. (4)How can you________such an awful woman in your house? 【答案】 (1)bear (2)tolerate (3)endured (4)tolerate/stand,,trial n．試；試驗(yàn)；審判,The young man was on trial for theft. 那個(gè)年輕人因盜竊罪而受審。 Don’t buy that car without giving it a trial first. 沒(méi)有先試用，可別買那部車。,,be sentenced to被判刑…… The murderer was finally sentenced to death. 殺人犯最終被判處了死刑。,7.The new washers are on________trial.None of our products will be put into market before being given______trial. A．/；a B．a(chǎn)；a C．/；/ D．a(chǎn)；/ 【解析】 考查冠詞搭配。 【答案】 A,,postpone vt.推遲，延期,We are postponing our holiday until August. 我們把度假日期推遲到八月份。,delay，postpone與put off用法比較： (1)delay強(qiáng)調(diào)因某種困難或障礙而延誤，動(dòng)作主體是困難本身，延遲的時(shí)間不確定，也可能是無(wú)限延遲,(2)postpone動(dòng)作主體是人，表示有意識(shí)地推遲、延遲時(shí)間。 (3)put off強(qiáng)調(diào)拖延時(shí)間。delay常指客觀原因或者意外原因而不得不推遲，而put off常指主觀上有意拖延。 No advice given，I had to postpone making a decision. 沒(méi)有得到什么建議，我只好推遲做出決定。,8.單詞拼寫(xiě) The meeting is _______ to next week because of the heavy snow. 【答案】 postponed,,point v．指點(diǎn)；n.點(diǎn)，要點(diǎn),The answer is short and to the point. 答案簡(jiǎn)短入題。,,pointed adj.尖的；直截了當(dāng)?shù)?I am fond of the house with a pointed roof. 我喜歡尖屋頂?shù)姆孔印?9.There are some mistakes in your pronunciation.Would you mind my________？ A．pointing them out B．pointing out them C．knocking them out D．knocking out them 【解析】 “指出錯(cuò)誤”應(yīng)為point out the mistakes。因其中的out為副詞，故them應(yīng)位于point和out之間。 【答案】 A,,oppose vt.反對(duì)；使對(duì)立；抵抗,Why did you oppose my suggestion？ 你為什么反對(duì)我的建議？ I’m opposed to their marriage. 我反對(duì)他們結(jié)婚。,,,opposite n．對(duì)立物；反義詞；adj.相對(duì)的；相反的；對(duì)面的；prep.在……的對(duì)面 They went their opposite ways after they quarrelled. 他們吵架后就分道揚(yáng)鑣了。,10.There is a fine little cafe________this house.Cross the street and you’ll be there. A．on the contrary of B．opposite C．in front of D．opposite from 【答案】 B,,prohibit vt.禁止；阻止,Visitors are prohibited before 2 o’clock. 兩點(diǎn)前禁止游客參觀。 The boy was prohibited from seeing her by her father. 她父親不讓這個(gè)男孩見(jiàn)她。,,prohibition n. 禁止；禁令 a prohibition against.……的禁令 A prohibition against smoking in offices has taken effect. 在辦公室吸煙的禁令已生效。,11.翻譯句子 她父親不允許她嫁給他。 Her father prohibited her________________. 【答案】 from marrying him,,patient adj.耐心的，能忍受的，堅(jiān)韌的；n.病人,The doctor is very patient with his patients. 這個(gè)醫(yī)生對(duì)他的病人很有耐心。 A good teacher is always patient of any questions raised by students.一位好老師總是耐心對(duì)待學(xué)生提出的任何問(wèn)題。,,patience n．忍耐力；耐心 be out of patience with.對(duì)……忍無(wú)可忍 have no patience with.對(duì)……不能容忍 with patience＝patiently耐心地 He worked hard with patience.他耐心地努力工作。 Sarah was becoming increasingly impatient at their lack of interest.薩拉對(duì)他們那種缺乏興趣的做法越來(lái)越不能容忍了。,,12.—What is he like? —He is patient________others and________hardships. A．with；of B．with；to C．of；with D．to；with 【解析】 句意為：——他這人怎么樣？——對(duì)人有耐心，而且很能忍受苦難。be patient with sb.意為“對(duì)某人有耐心”；be patient of意為“能忍受……”。 【答案】 A,,normal adj.正常的；正規(guī)的；標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的；規(guī)范的；n.正常狀態(tài)；(數(shù)量、程度等)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),He speaks English at a normal speed；we can understand him. 他用正常的語(yǔ)速講英語(yǔ)，我們都可以聽(tīng)得懂。,Train services are back to normal after the strike. 罷工結(jié)合后火車服務(wù)已恢復(fù)正常。 The rainfall has been below normal for this time of year. 這個(gè)時(shí)期的降雨量低于正常水平。 It’s normal to feel tired after such a long trip. 這樣的長(zhǎng)途旅行之后感到疲勞是正常的。,abnormal adj.不正常的，變態(tài)的 normalize v．使正常化，使標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化 Relations between the countries have normalized. 兩國(guó)的關(guān)系已經(jīng)正,,13.—Tom fell asleep while we were having our English class.It wasn’t like him. —It is________for one after staying up the whole night. A．normal B．usual C．regular D．common 【解析】 根據(jù)句意可知一個(gè)人熬夜后，在課堂上睡著也是非常正常的事情。normal正常的，usual通常的，regular有規(guī)律的；通常的，common普通的，只有normal符合題意。 【答案】 A,,go through n．穿過(guò)；經(jīng)歷，檢查；瀏覽；用完,He would go through fire and water for his country. 他愿為國(guó)家赴湯蹈火。 How long will it take you to go through the book? 看完這本書(shū)你得用多少時(shí)間？,,go in for從事；致力；愛(ài)好；追求 go with伴隨；與……協(xié)調(diào)；與……持同一看法 go without沒(méi)有……也行 go against反對(duì)；對(duì)……不利 go about著手做；處理；忙于 go over檢查；審查；復(fù)習(xí)；重溫 go ahead開(kāi)始；前進(jìn)；領(lǐng)先；取得進(jìn)展 Go over the new words before the test. 考試前復(fù)習(xí)一下生詞,,14.The early pioneers had to________many hardships to settle on the new land. A．go along with B．go back on C．go through D．go into 【解析】 句意為：早期的開(kāi)拓者們定居在新大陸需要經(jīng)歷很多的磨難。 【答案】 C,,build up加強(qiáng)；建立,The play was built up to be a masterpiece but I found it disappointing. 準(zhǔn)備讓這個(gè)劇本成為杰作，但我發(fā)現(xiàn)很讓人失望。 The young man gets up early to exercise every day in order to build up his body.那年輕人每天早起鍛煉來(lái)增強(qiáng)體質(zhì)。,,build socialism建設(shè)社會(huì)主義 build on sth.在……的基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)展 build sth.around.在……基礎(chǔ)上創(chuàng)作某物 We build our hopes on the economic strength of the country. 我們把自己的希望建立在國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力上。,15.All the pressure________and he was off work for weeks with stress. A．pulled up B．built on C．built up D．pulled out 【答案】 C,,at all costs 不管多大代價(jià)；無(wú)論如何,He saved his son from drowning but only at the cost of his own life.他救了溺水的兒子，但自己卻丟了性命。 You are not to allow anyone to leave the house at all costs. 無(wú)論如何你一定不要讓任何人離開(kāi)這個(gè)房子。 It’s not worth arguing with him as I have learnt to my cost. 和他爭(zhēng)論是不值得的，因?yàn)槲乙呀?jīng)嘗過(guò)苦頭了。,,cost vt.價(jià)錢為；花費(fèi)，使付出……，該動(dòng)詞不能用人作主語(yǔ)，無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 Careless driving will cost you your life. 開(kāi)車粗心大意會(huì)使你付出生命的代價(jià)。,16.I would like to work in a more relaxed environment，but________I enjoy the work I’m doing at present. A．in other words B．on the other hand C．a(chǎn)t all costs D．a(chǎn)s a result 【答案】 B,,,Unless we are careful，“gene-therapy”will be the next big threat. 如果我們不注意，“基因療法”將是下一個(gè)大的威脅。,unless conj.意為“除非；如果不”。unless是從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，含有否定意義。相當(dāng)于if條件狀語(yǔ)從句的否定形式。意思是“如果不……就……”“除非……要不然……”。,Unless you go at once，you will be late. 如果你不馬上走，就會(huì)遲到的。 Unless he studies hard，he will never pass the examination. 他如果不努力學(xué)習(xí)，就永遠(yuǎn)不能考及格。,,在unless和if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句或假設(shè)狀語(yǔ)從句中用一般時(shí)代替將來(lái)時(shí)，用完成時(shí)代替將來(lái)完成時(shí)。 She will go on to do that unless you stop her (＝if you don’t stop her)．如果你不攔住她，她就會(huì)接著做那件事。 另外，當(dāng)從句的主語(yǔ)與主句的主語(yǔ)相同且一般情況下代詞作主語(yǔ)，并含有be動(dòng)詞時(shí)從句的主語(yǔ)與be動(dòng)詞可一塊省去，如unless invited是unless I’m invited的簡(jiǎn)略形式，if not是if I’m not invited的簡(jiǎn)略形式。 I won’t attend the party unless invited (＝if not invited)． 如沒(méi)有被邀請(qǐng)，我不會(huì)去參加聚會(huì)。,,17.(2007年全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)I won’t call you，________something unexpected happens. A．unless B．whether C．because D．while 【解析】 本題考查讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。句意為：如果沒(méi)有意外的事情發(fā)生，我就不給你打電話了。unless如果不……，除非……。 【答案】 A,18．(2009年全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)All the dishes in this menu，________otherwise stated，will serve two to three people. A．a(chǎn)s B．if C．though D．unless 【解析】 句意為：這個(gè)菜單上所有的菜，除非有特別說(shuō)明，會(huì)滿足兩到三人的需要。本題unless后省略了主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞。 【答案】 D,,When he went to the doctor that day，he could have known what was about to happen to him. 那天他如果去看醫(yī)生，他可能就會(huì)知道自己會(huì)出什么事。,be about to do表示最近的將來(lái)，意為“就要做某事”。 be going to do或現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)(be doing)表將來(lái)時(shí)，往往表示事先經(jīng)過(guò)考慮或做好安排的將來(lái)，而“will＋動(dòng)詞原形”則可表示在說(shuō)話時(shí)才做出的決定。 be to＋動(dòng)詞原形，表示按照安排、計(jì)劃將要發(fā)生的事情或命令做什么。,Quiet，please.The meeting is about to begin. 請(qǐng)安靜，會(huì)議就要開(kāi)始了。 They are going to hold a meeting to discuss it. 他們打算開(kāi)個(gè)會(huì)來(lái)討論這件事。 All the questions are to be answered at once. 所有問(wèn)題都必須立即回答。 be about to結(jié)構(gòu)不與表將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，但可與when 搭配，構(gòu)成be about to.when.結(jié)構(gòu)。 I was about to fall into a doze when he turned up. 我正要打盹的時(shí)候他突然出現(xiàn)了。,,19.完成句子 I was about to leave the room________________________________(這時(shí)電話鈴響了)．(ring) 【答案】 when the telephone rang,,Yet，somehow，it was forgotten by history until very recently when SARS became a cause for concern. 然而，不知怎么地，它為歷史所忘記；直到SARS成為與其有關(guān)的一個(gè)原因。,somehow adv.以某種方式(或方法)，不知怎么地，由于某種未知的原因 Somehow，she managed to persuade him into stopping smoking. 也不知用了什么辦法，她成功地勸服他戒煙。,,somehow，anyway，anyhow與somewhat用法比較： somehow (US someway) 以某種方式；莫名其妙地，不知怎么地 anyway adv.而且，加之，反正，即使這樣，無(wú)論如何 anyhow adv.無(wú)論如何，即使這樣，隨隨便便地 somewhat adv.有點(diǎn)，有幾分，稍微,,20.用somehow，somewhat，anyhow或anyway填空： (1)I was________surprised to see him on the occasion. (2)________，I don’t feel I can trust him any longer. (3)She piled the papers in a heap on her desk，just________. (4)I’m afraid I can’t come，but thanks for the invitation________. 【答案】 (1)somewhat (2)Somehow (3)anyhow (4)anyway/anyhow,同學(xué)們,來(lái)學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,同學(xué)們,來(lái)學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,