2019-2020年高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)閱讀理解主旨大意題專練二文章大意類.doc

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2019-2020年高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)閱讀理解主旨大意題專練二文章大意類 (xx·云南省昆明市高三復(fù)習(xí)教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)) Two weeks ago, a 7-year-old girl, Chloe Bridgewater wrote a letter to Google, expressing her interest in working for the tech pany when she gets older. “Dear Google boss, my name is Chloe and when I am bigger I would like a job with Google，” she wrote. “I also want to work in a chocolate factory and do swimming in the Olympics.” The student said she liked puters and had a tablet she played games on. She even showed off a robot game that her dad gave her. It wasn't long before Sundar Pichai, CEO of Google, replied with his own letter on Google website. In a letter dated Feb. 3, Pichai wrote, “Dear Chloe, I'm glad that you like puters and robots, and hope that you will continue to learn about technology. I think if you keep working hard and follow your dreams, you can acplish everything you set your mind to. I look forward to receiving your job application when you are finished with school！” Her father, Andy Bridgewater told ABC News he was pletely shocked that his daughter received a reply. But he wasn't surprised that she decided to write the letter in the first place. “She's got determination. She doesn't see the barriers that we face every day，” he explained. “If she wants to do it, she will set out to do it and nothing will stop her.” The father remarked that his daughter began jumping up and down after receiving the letter. Still, he's not in a rush to send his eldest daughter off to work. “Now, my daughter is confident, although she hasn't yet fully understood that it will take more efforts than finishing her study to make it with Google，” he said. 【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，七歲女孩Chloe Bridgewater給谷歌CEO Sundar Pichai寫信，沒想到卻收到了Sundar的回信。 【難句分析】　Now, my daughter is confident, although she hasn't yet fully understood that it will take more efforts than finishing her study to make it with Google. 分析：該句為主從復(fù)合句，句中although she hasn't yet... with Google為although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，該從句中又含有that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句that it will take... with Google。 譯文：現(xiàn)在，我的女兒很自信，盡管她還沒有完全理解要在谷歌工作將需要她付出比完成學(xué)業(yè)更多的努力。 1．Chloe's letter to Pichai shows us that she ________. A．expects to be one of the Google members B．has a talent for making robots C．makes up her mind to study hard D．buries herself in puter games 解析：A　考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段第二句中的“when I am bigger I would like a job with Google”可知，她寫信給谷歌CEO是希望長(zhǎng)大后能在谷歌工作，故A項(xiàng)正確。 2．We can know from the text that ________. A．the girl wrote the letter to Pichai on February 3 B．there are two children in Bridgewater's family C．Andy didn't expect a reply from Pichai at all D．Google is sure to hire Chloe after her graduation 解析：C　考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段的第一句“Her father, Andy Bridgewater told ABC News he was pletely shocked that his daughter received a reply”可知，Andy對(duì)于他的女兒能收到回信很驚訝，據(jù)此可推知，Andy根本沒有指望會(huì)收到谷歌CEO的回信，故C項(xiàng)正確。 3．What is the main idea of the text? A．A 7-year-old girl gets a job with Google. B．CEO of Google responds to a girl's letter. C．A father forbids his girl to work for Google. D．Google decides to employ its youngest clerk. 解析：B　考查主旨大意。本文主要講述七歲女孩Chloe Bridgewater給谷歌CEO寫信，希望長(zhǎng)大后在谷歌公司工作，沒想到谷歌CEO給她回了信，鼓勵(lì)她努力學(xué)習(xí)，實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想。故選B項(xiàng)。 B (xx·湖北省七市(州)教科研協(xié)作體高三聯(lián)合考試) Are you a social media addict? Are you always checking your smartphone to see how many “l(fā)ikes” you've received for your latest post? Maybe you feel forted by the sound that someone has sent you a message? Don't worry, you're not alone. We check our phones an average of 150 times a day, and around 30% of the total time spent online is devoted to social media. Some experts now fear this habit could be damaging our mental health. This is something particularly bothering young adults, according to a study from the University of Pittsburgh. It found the more they used social media, the more likely they were to be depressed (沮喪的). In tests, those people who checked social media frequently were 2.7 times more likely to be depressed pared to those who spent most of their time generally surfing the Internet, who had just 1.7 times the risk. Some of us certainly feel sad when we're ignored on social media sites, or when we see someone else having a better time than us. But depression is a more serious condition and clinical psychologist, Abigael San, recently told the BBC that, “It's a real issue, and it's been getting significantly worse over the last 5 － 6 years. You can get so hooked that it takes you away from your real relationships.” However, Abigael does admit that social media is more likely to worsen pre-existing issues than directly cause them. Other research by the University of Glasgow found that teenagers are affected by the 24-hour demands of their social media accounts. It found that those with higher levels of emotional investment in social media, and who use it at night, were more likely to feel depressed and anxious. Despite these warning signs, why do some of us continue to keep clicking? Well, I suppose we all want to be liked and we don't want to miss out on a conversation that's taking place online. But we need to know when to switch off our virtual (虛擬的) online world and connect with the real world instead. 【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文主要講述了社交媒體上癮的危害及應(yīng)對(duì)策略。 【難句分析】　In tests, those people who checked social media frequently were 2.7 times more likely to be depressed pared to those who spent most of their time generally surfing the Internet, who had just 1.7 times the risk. 分析：本句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。三個(gè)who都引導(dǎo)了定語從句，都在從句中作主語，先行詞都是人。 譯文：在測(cè)試中，那些經(jīng)常查看社交媒體的人抑郁的可能性是那些通常把大部分時(shí)間花在上網(wǎng)瀏覽的人的2.7倍，而這些把大部分時(shí)間花在上網(wǎng)瀏覽方面的人只有1.7倍抑郁的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。 4．Who is more likely to be depressed according to the study? A．People checking social media frequently. B．People surfing the Internet regularly. C．People receiving a few “l(fā)ikes” for their posts. D．People longing for more messages. 解析：A　考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章第三段的最后一句“In tests, those people who checked social media frequently were 2.7 times more likely to be depressed pared to those who spent most of their time generally surfing the Internet, who had just 1.7 times the risk”可知，那些經(jīng)?？瓷缃幻襟w的人更有可能抑郁。 5．Why does the author give a quote from Abigael San in Para. 4? A．To introduce the ing topic. B．To give a more supporting example. C．To stress the importance of social media. D．To explain the cause of a social media addict. 解析：B　考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段和第四段的整體內(nèi)容可推知，第四段中引用心理學(xué)家Abigael的話是為了佐證全文的觀點(diǎn)，故選B。 6．Why do people get addicted to social media according to the author? A．Because they have more time and money. B．Because the virtual world is much more attractive. C．Because they want to attract more attention. D．Because emotional investment in social media benefits them. 解析：C　考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段的第二句“Well, I suppose we all want to be liked and we don't want to miss out on a conversation that's taking place online”可知，人們沉溺于社交媒體不能自拔的原因是希望得到更多的關(guān)注，故選C。 7．What's the passage mainly about? A．It's mon for teenagers to be a social addict. B．Using smartphones does harm to people's health. C．It's better to stay away from virtual online world. D．Social media addiction contributes to depression. 解析：D　考查主旨大意。文章的第三段點(diǎn)題，再結(jié)合全文的整體內(nèi)容可推知，本文主要講述的是社交媒體上癮的危害——會(huì)引起抑郁。 干擾項(xiàng)分析：A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在teenagers，文章中提到對(duì)社交媒體上癮的主體是young adults；智能手機(jī)只是人們接觸社交媒體的一種工具，本文講的社交媒體上癮對(duì)人們的危害，故B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；遠(yuǎn)離虛擬世界只是作者提出的一種應(yīng)對(duì)社交媒體上癮的建議，不是文章的重點(diǎn)，故排除C項(xiàng)。 C (xx·重慶一模) The first potatoes were grown by the Incas of South America, more than 400 years ago. Their descendants (后代) in Eenador and Chile continue to grow the vegetable as high as 14,000 feet up in the Andes Mountains, (That's higher than any other food will grow.) Early Spanish and English explorers shipped potatoes to Europe, and they found their way to North America in the early 1600s. People eat potatoes in many ways — baked, mashed, and roasted, to name just three. However, in the United States most potatoes are eaten in the form of French fries. One fast-food chain alone sells more than $ 1 billion worth of fries each year. No wonder, then, that the pany pays particular attention to the way its fries are prepared. Before any fry makes it to the people who eat at these popular restaurants, it must pass many separate tests. Fail any one of these tests and the potato is rejected. To start with, only Russet Burbank potatoes are used. These Idaho potatoes have less water content than other kinds, which can have as much as 80 percent water. Once cut into “shoestrings” shapes, the potatoes are partly fried in a secret blend of oils, sprayed with liquid sugar to brown them, steam dried at high heat, then flash frozen for shipment to individual restaurants. Before shipping, every shoestring is measured. Forty percent of a batch must be between two and three inches long. Another 40 percent has to be over three inches. What about the 20 percent that are left in the batch? Well, a few short fries in a bag are okay, it seems. So, now that you realize the enormous size and value of the potato crop, you can understand why most people agree that this part of the food industry is no “small potatoes”． 體裁：說明文　題材：飲食與健康　主題：炸薯?xiàng)l的地位 【語篇導(dǎo)讀】　本文介紹了土豆被引進(jìn)美國(guó)的歷史及炸薯?xiàng)l在美國(guó)食物產(chǎn)業(yè)中舉足輕重的地位。 8．Potatoes in North America came directly from ________. A．Chile　　B．Europe C．Ecuador D．the Andes Mountains 解析：B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中第一段最后一句Early Spanish and English explorers shipped potatoes to Europe, and they found their way to North America in the early 1600s.可知，北美最早的土豆來自歐洲。故選B項(xiàng)。 9．Why does the pany pay special attention to the way the fries are prepared? A．Because selling fries is a big business. B．Because fries are not easy to prepare at all. C．Because Americans are particular about fries. D．Because the government has a strict rule for that. 解析：A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的One fast-food chain alone sells more than $ 1 billion worth of fries each year. No wonder, then, that the pany pays particular attention to the way its fries are prepared.可知，在美國(guó)，炸薯?xiàng)l是個(gè)很大的行業(yè)，所以會(huì)被特殊關(guān)注。故選A項(xiàng)。 10．In the last paragraph, the writer mainly wants to say ________. A．small potatoes cannot be used for fries B．potatoes are really important for Americans C．eating in America is the very first thing D．fries are really important for food industry 解析：D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的內(nèi)容this part of the food industry is no “small potatoes”可知，在美國(guó)，炸薯?xiàng)l在食品產(chǎn)業(yè)中不是“小土豆”(無足輕重的東西)，由此可推測(cè)，炸薯?xiàng)l在食品產(chǎn)業(yè)占有重要的地位。故選D項(xiàng)。 測(cè)訓(xùn)診斷：本題考生易誤選B項(xiàng)，本文首先介紹了土豆被引入美國(guó)，且炸薯?xiàng)l帶來了強(qiáng)大商業(yè)利潤(rùn)，但在最后一段中，根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息realize the enormous size and value of the potato crop及this part of the food industry is no “small potatoes”可知，本段重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)調(diào)炸薯?xiàng)l在食品產(chǎn)業(yè)中的重要地位，而不是土豆對(duì)美國(guó)人的重要性，故排除B項(xiàng)。 11．What is the main idea of this passage? A．The average American eats 50 pounds of potatoes a year. B．French fries are made from potatoes. C．Potatoes are a key vegetable in America. D．The various terms for potatoes have a long history. 解析：C　主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，在美國(guó)，土豆可以有多種吃法，尤其是炸薯?xiàng)l，深受人們的歡迎，也因此帶來了強(qiáng)大的商業(yè)利潤(rùn)，在食品產(chǎn)業(yè)中占有重要地位。因此，本文的主旨是，在美國(guó)土豆是很重要的蔬菜。故選C項(xiàng)。