2020版高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) Unit 1 Lifestyles講義 北師大版必修1.doc

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Unit 1 Lifestyles (一)課前自主學(xué)習(xí).閱讀單詞知其意1questionnaire n問卷；調(diào)查表2lifestyle n. 生活方式3couch n. 長沙發(fā)，睡椅4document n. 公文，文件5studio n. 演播室；工作室6social adj. 社交的；社會的7minus adj. 零下，負8dial vt. 撥(電話號碼)9presentation n. 表演；展示10accountant n縱聯(lián)1 會計，會計師 11forecast n. 預(yù)報；預(yù)測.重點單詞寫其形1matter vi.縱聯(lián)2 要緊，有重大關(guān)系2partner n. 合作者，搭檔3peaceful adj. 平靜的；和平的4suppose vt. 認為，猜想5plain vi. 抱怨；投訴6switch vt. 轉(zhuǎn)換，轉(zhuǎn)變7portable adj. 輕便的，手提(式)的8remote adj. 遙遠的9alarm n. 警報，警告器10urgent adj. 急迫的，緊急的11midnight n. 午夜，半夜12bored adj. 厭煩的，不感興趣的 13pressure n. 壓力14reduce vt. 減少；降低15stand vt.縱聯(lián)3 忍耐，忍受16graduate vi. 畢業(yè)17support vt.&n.縱聯(lián)4 支持；支撐18design n&vt. 設(shè)計19solve vt. 解決；解答20crowded adj. 擁擠的21otherwise adv. 否則；另外22classical adj. 古典的23diet n. 飲食；節(jié)食.拓展單詞通其變1relaxing adj.輕松的，放松的relax vt.&vi.放松relaxed adj.松懈的；放松的2stress n壓力stressful adj.充滿壓力的，緊張的pressure n壓力(同義詞)3suffer vi.遭受(痛苦)，感到疼痛suffering n痛苦，苦難sufferer n受苦者，受難者；患者4organise vt.組織organisation n組織organiser n組織者5formal adj.正式的，合禮儀的informal adj.非正式的6prefer vt.更喜歡；寧愿preference n喜好；偏愛7volunteer n志愿者 vt.&vi.自愿去做voluntary adj.自愿的；志愿的8challenge n挑戰(zhàn) vt.向挑戰(zhàn)challenging adj.有挑戰(zhàn)性的縱聯(lián)1.廣交后綴“ant”朋友accountant n會計 assistant n助手informant n消息提供者 inhabitant n居民participant n參與者 servant n仆人縱聯(lián)2.好“事”多磨incident事件 matter事件，問題business生意，事情 affair事務(wù)，私事issue問題，事情 event事件，大事sports event體育賽事縱聯(lián)3.學(xué)會“容忍(忍受)”bear toleratestand put up with縱聯(lián)4.“支持，擁護”家族advocate vt.提倡；擁護 back vt.支持support vt.支持，幫助 stand by/for 支持in favour of支持，贊同單元話題生活方式子話題1飲食dessert n甜點cuisine n飯菜leftover n剩飯菜 sauce n醬油；調(diào)味汁junk food垃圾食品 cafeteria n自助餐廳recipe n食譜 dish n盤；一盤食物子話題2疾病AIDS n艾滋病 depression n抑郁癥allergic adj.過敏的 infective disease傳染病symptom n癥狀 prescription n處方ward n病房 unhealthy adj.不健康的子話題3保健enjoyable adj.快樂的 physical adj.身體的mental adj.精神的 free medical service公費醫(yī)療take ones blood pressure 量血壓suffer from obesity 飽受肥胖之苦l(xiāng)ive a lowcarbon life 過低碳生活enjoy a harmonious life 享受和諧的生活keep healthy both physically and mentally保持身心健康feel relaxed and energetic 感到放松和精力充沛學(xué)考對接活學(xué)活用高考采擷(一)閱讀中的詞匯應(yīng)用1(2018全國卷閱讀七選五)Your quality of sleep improves. Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a (peace) sleep when you are very excited.You will stick to your diet. If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely (stick) to healthy food choices throughout the day. Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food? You will want to continue to focus on positive choices.寫出加黑詞在本單元的同根形容詞：relaxing，另一個同根形容詞是relaxed，常見v.ing形式的形容詞常用來修飾物，v.ed形式的形容詞常用來修飾人用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：peaceful寫出加黑詞在此處的漢語意思：飲食處應(yīng)填：to_stick，空處所在主句應(yīng)翻譯為你將在一整天更可能堅持健康的食物選擇2(2018江蘇高考閱讀D)Miss Longfield warned that a generation of children risked growing up “worried about their appearance and image as a result of the unrealistic lifestyles they follow on platforms, and increasingly anxious about switching off due the constant demands of social media”She said：“Children are using social media with family and friends and to play games when they are in primary school.But what starts as fun usage of apps turns into tremendous pressure in real social media interaction at secondary school.”寫出加彩詞在此處的漢語意思：生活方式處應(yīng)填介詞：to，構(gòu)成短語due_to，意為因為，由于，其同義短語有because_of,_thanks_to,_on_account_of等寫出加彩詞塊的漢語意思：社交媒體寫出加彩詞在本單元的同義詞：stress，加黑詞所在句中what用來引導(dǎo)主語從句，且在從句中充當(dāng)主語高考采擷(二)寫作中的詞匯應(yīng)用(根據(jù)漢語及提示詞翻譯句子)1(2018全國卷書面表達)至于我，我更喜歡跳繩，因為它具有挑戰(zhàn)性，增強了我身體的柔韌性。(prefer)As_for_me,_I_prefer_rope_skipping_because_its_challenging,_enhancing_the_flexibility_of_my_body.2(2018浙江高考書面表達)做一名志愿者對我來說是一個學(xué)習(xí)解決問題和豐富我的生活經(jīng)驗的好機會。(volunteer, solve)Being_a_volunteer_is_a_good_opportunity_for_me_to_learn_to_solve_some_problems_and_enrich_my_life_experience.3(2017全國卷書面表達)打乒乓球可以使我們放松，我們的校隊組織了許多比賽來支持它。(organise, support)Playing_table_tennis_can_make_us_relaxed_and_our_school_team_organised_many_matches_to_support_it.(二)課堂重點釋疑1matter vi.要緊，重要；有重大關(guān)系n.物質(zhì)；問題；毛病記牢(1)It doesnt matter.沒關(guān)系。It matters/doesnt matter (to sb.)主語從句(對某人來說)有關(guān)系，重要/沒關(guān)系，不重要(2)a matter of . 一個的問題as a matter of fact 事實上；實際上to make matters worsewhats worse 更糟糕的是練通單句語法填空Does it matter a great deal to her whether they e or not?Is the global warming a matter of life and death to mankind?完成句子I got up late today. To_make_matters_worse,_I got stuck in a traffic jam.今天我起床晚了。更糟糕的是，我還遇到了交通堵塞。As_a_matter_of_fact, nothing is too difficult if you put your heart into it.事實上，世上無難事，只怕有心人。寫美(2018江蘇高考書面表達)事實上，排名也有一定的缺陷。As_a_matter_of_fact,_the_ratings_also_have_their_defects_to_some_extent.2suppose v理解；認為，猜想；假想；設(shè)想記牢(1)suppose/supposing (that)假定/假如(2)be supposed to do . 應(yīng)該做某事be supposed to have done .should have done .ought to have done . 本應(yīng)該做某事(實際未做)be supposed to be . 被認為是練通單句語法填空Suppose/Supposing (suppose) youve made some progress, you should not be proud.Wearing something new is supposed to_represent (represent) success and hope in the brides new life and in her marriage.You are late again.You are supposed to have_arrived (arrive) here five minutes earlier.一句多譯你本應(yīng)該昨天就把作業(yè)交上的。You were_supposed_to_have_handed_in your homework yesterday. (be supposed to)You should_have_handed_in your homework yesterday. (should)You ought_to_have_handed_in your homework yesterday. (ought to)用準(zhǔn)suppose/supposing (that)及assuming (that), providing/provided (that), given (that)可以作連詞，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，意為“如果，假如”，表示一種假設(shè)條件。寫美(2018天津高考書面表達)你多次參加過類似的活動。因此，我認為應(yīng)該勝任這個職位。You_have_participated_in_similar_activities_several_times._Consequently,_I_think_you_are_supposed_to_be_qualified_for_the_position.3plain vi.抱怨；投訴記牢(1)plain that .抱怨plain (to sb.) about/of sth. (向某人)抱怨某事plain against/about sth. 抱怨/投訴某事(2)plaint n. 抱怨，投訴make a plaint against/about 投訴練通單句語法填空/完成句子The American couple plained about/of the high cost of visiting Europe.The police received several plaints_(plain) about the noise from our party.Id like to make_a_plaint_about the noise upstairs.我要就樓上的噪音問題提出投訴。寫美(2015江蘇高考書面表達)我們應(yīng)該嚴(yán)格自愿地遵守交通規(guī)則，在紅燈時停車，而不是抱怨交通堵塞。We_should_strictly_and_voluntarily_follow_traffic_rules,_stopping_at_the_red_light_rather_than_plaining_about_traffic_jams.4prefer vt.更喜歡；寧愿記牢(1)prefer doing/to do sth.更喜歡做某事prefer sth. to sth. 喜歡某物勝過某物prefer sb.to do sth. 寧愿某人做某事(2)prefer doing . to doing .prefer to do . rather than do .would do . rather than do .would rather do . than do . 寧愿做而不愿做(3)preference n. 喜愛，偏愛have a preference for . 偏愛練通單句語法填空I prefer exercising/to_exercise (exercise) at home, and it seems that I am always going on a diet.Many people prefer living in the country to living in the city.A teacher should not have a preference (prefer) for any one of his pupils.一句多譯她寧愿步行去上班也不愿開車。She_prefers_to_walk_to_work_rather_than_drive_a_car.(prefer to do .rather than do .)She_would_rather_walk_to_work_than_drive_a_car.(would rather do . than do .)She_would_walk_to_work_rather_than_drive_a_car.(would do . rather than do .)用準(zhǔn)(1)preferlike better, 因此不能和比較級連用。(2)prefer的過去式和過去分詞是preferred, preferred。寫美(2017北京高考書面表達)就我個人而言，我更喜歡“長江之旅”，長江是中國最長的河，也是中華文明的母親河之一。Personally,_I_prefer_the_tour_along_the_Yangtze_River,_the_longest_river_in_China_and_one_of_the_mother_rivers_of_Chinese_civilization.5stand vt.忍耐，忍受；承受 n看臺；貨攤；立場辨清寫出下列句中stand的含義The shop was crowded with display stands and boxes.貨攤The young girl wont stand the stress much longer.承受In the stands, his friends and family came to watch his last game.看臺When he couldnt stand it any longer, he rose abruptly to his feet.忍受記牢wont/couldnt stand/tolerate/bear sb. doing something絕不容忍某人做某事stand by 支持；旁觀stand aside 站到一邊stand on ones feet 站起來；自食其力stand up 站起來stand for 代表stand out 突出；堅持練通介、副詞填空In China, the Chinese knots stand for friendship, love and good luck.Stand aside and let the ambulance pass first!Good Heavens! How could you stand by and allow such a thing to happen!After several rounds of petition, the little girl stood out because of her excellent spoken English and quick response.The old man could hardly stand on his feet in the strong storm. 完成句子She wont_tolerate/bear/stand_her_son_making the same mistakes in the physics test next time.她不會容忍她兒子下次在物理考試中犯同樣的錯誤。寫美(2018全國卷書面表過)中國的父母是不容許他們的孩子在就餐時用筷子敲碗的。Chinese_parents_wont_stand_their_children_knocking_bowls_with_chopsticks_when_having_dinner.6support vt.& n支持；支撐記牢(1)support sb.in sth.在某方面支持某人support a (ones) family/oneself 養(yǎng)家糊口/自力更生(2)e to ones support 來支持某人with ones support 在某人的支持下in support of 支持；擁護(3)supporter n. 支持者；擁護者練通單句語法填空We support the police wholeheartedly in their work against crime.With the support of the Chinese government, many patients in poor areas can afford to go to hospital.Enthusiastic supporters (support) of public higher education know the importance of sustaining private higher education.句型轉(zhuǎn)換Some experts have spoken to support the ban of drunk driving.Some experts have spoken in support of the ban of drunk driving.完成句子The boy had to leave school to support_his_family after his father died.父親去世后，男孩不得不輟學(xué)養(yǎng)家糊口。寫美(2018北京高考書面表達)無論你選擇哪所大學(xué)，我都會支持你的決定。Whichever_university_you_choose,_Ill_support_your_decision.7design vt.& n設(shè)計；安排；圖案；意圖；計劃記牢(1)design sb. to do sth.打算讓某人從事某事be designed for/to do sth. 旨在；打算被用來做某事(2)by design 故意地；蓄意地練通單句語法填空A lot of people often forget that oral exams are designed to_test (test) our municative ability.The method is specifically designed for use in small groups.On second thoughts, I have designed her to_take (take) the job.完成句子She arrived just as we were leaving, but Im not sure whether this was by_accident_or_by_design.她剛好在我們正要離開時到達，但我不能肯定這是出于偶然還是有意安排。寫美(2018天津高考書面表達)比賽的目的是幫助你提高你的創(chuàng)造性潛力。The_petition_is_designed_to_help_you_improve_your_creative_potential.聯(lián)想表示“故意與偶然”的詞語小結(jié)：(1)故意地：by designon purposedeliberately(2)偶然地：by chance by accident accidentally8suffer vi.感到疼痛，遭受(痛苦)vt.遭受，蒙受，經(jīng)歷記牢(1)suffer from遭受之苦；患病suffer loss/pain/hardship/defeat . 遭受損失/痛苦/困苦/失敗等(2)suffering n. 痛苦，遭受練通完成句子Reading fiction helps those who do not suffer_from_loneliness to understand lonely people.閱讀小說可以幫助那些不受孤獨之苦的人理解孤獨的人。If that were true, both panies would suffer_great_loss. 如果那是真的，雙方公司都將蒙受巨大的損失。Many of his novels have described the_sufferings_of_his_race. 他在很多小說中描述了他的種族所遭受的種種苦難。寫美(2017江蘇高考書面表達)如圖所示，由于某種原因，2016年中國電影的票房收入有所下降。As_is_indicated_in_the_graph,_the_boxoffice_ine_of_Chinese_films_suffered_from_a_decline_in_2016_for_some_reason.詞匯過關(guān)綜合訓(xùn)練.單詞拼寫1We must achieve modernization of science and technology, otherwise (否則) we will lay behind other nations.2There was a big storm after midnight (半夜) and the rain poured down.3She had to change her lifestyle (生活方式) and eating habits.4Moving to a new house is a very stressful (充滿壓力的) experience.5Jack has been to a remote (偏遠的) village to do some voluntary work for two months.6The volunteers (志愿者) made a suggestion to people present at the meeting that we should take some measures to protect wildlife.7The documents have been typed into a portable (手提的) puter.8My husband loves an exciting life while I enjoy a more peaceful (平靜的) one.9Getting a visa isnt as simple as you might suppose (認為). 10She needs a high ine to support (供養(yǎng)) such a large family.單句語法填空1Some people have to lead stressful (stress) lifestyles out of necessity.2Reese is actively involved in childrens and womens advocacy organisations (organise)3Having_suffered (suffer) defeat after defeat, he began to lose faith in himself.4In support of his sister, he sold his only house to pay the school fee.5The programme is designed to_help (help) people who have been out of work for a long time.6It doesnt matter to me whether to go by ship or by train.7All his workmates suppose him to_be (be) an expert in this field.8My dad prefers me not to_swim (swim) in that river because its too dangerous.9I cant stand people plaining (plain) around me when Im working.10Mary enjoyed herself, peting and chatting with her father, and felt relaxed (relax) in the open air.單句改錯1I cant stand work with Jane in the same office. She just refuses to stop talking while she works. workworking2Traveling can broaden our view and make us feel relaxing after a long period of studying or working. relaxingrelaxed3It is true that we may suffer from failure from time to time. 去掉第一個from4John plained the bookseller that there were several pages missing in the dictionary. plained后加to5I cant say which wine is best its the matter of personal taste. thea6Supposed we cant solve the problem, what shall we do next？SupposedSuppose/Supposing7Many children prefer to playing games on the puter rather than play outside. playingplay8All the people in the world hope to live a peacefully life. peacefullypeaceful9I dont know whether they did it by accident or on design. onby.完成句子1The meeting is very important, so you are_supposed_to_arrive_there_on_time.會議很重要，所以你應(yīng)該準(zhǔn)時到達那里。2It_doesnt_matter whether the present is expensive or not. What_really_matters is whether it es from your inner heart.禮物貴不貴不重要，真正重要的是它是否來自你的內(nèi)心。3He made some experiments in_support_of_his_own_views.他做了一些實驗來支持自己的觀點。4You are likely to suffer_from_bad_health if you keep smoking.如果你繼續(xù)吸煙，你的身體健康可能會受到損害。5She is the sort of person who stands_out_in_a_crowd.她是那種在人群中很顯眼的人。 (一)課前自主學(xué)習(xí)1switch_on/off/over把開關(guān)打開/關(guān)閉/轉(zhuǎn)換頻道， 轉(zhuǎn)變2take_up 占據(jù)；開始從事；拿起3be_filled_with 充滿著4suffer_from 忍受，遭受5get_changed 串記1 換衣服，更衣6take_turns_to_do_sth. 輪流做某事7play_a_role/part_in 在中起作用8at_the_moment 此刻，目前9over_the_years 數(shù)年間10make_sure 弄清，查明11as_a_result 串記2 結(jié)果12e_up_with 追上，趕上；想出，找到13look_forward_to 串記3 盼望，期望14as_well_as 除之外還；和15make_a_difference 有影響；起作用16go_off (鈴、爆竹等)響同根短語串記串記1.“get過去分詞”?？级陶Z大全get dressed穿好衣服 get changed換衣服，更衣get lost迷路 get arrested被捕get married結(jié)婚 get promoted升職get engaged訂婚 get broken弄壞get drunk喝醉 get divorced離婚串記2.“結(jié)果”短語種種表達as a result as a result ofin consequence as a consequence串記3.“盼望，期待”短語集匯hope for/to do long for/to dolook forward to be eager forbe dying for/to do desire to do1do some exercise鍛煉2make money 掙錢3turn on the television 打開電視4be ready for the next days work 為第二天的工作做準(zhǔn)備5go to the gym 去健身房6work for a French pany 為一家法國公司工作7drive to the countryside for a weekend break 開車去鄉(xiāng)下度周末1What kind of lifestyles do_you_think the men in the pictures have?你認為圖中的人有什么樣的生活方式？2I always take my portable TV and I sit on the stone wall while the dog walks round in a circle.我總是隨身帶著手提電視，坐在石墻上，而小狗圍著我轉(zhuǎn)圈。3I am always the_first_person_to_get to the office. 我總是第一個到達辦公室的人。4Usually, its so_crowded_that I cant find anywhere to sit.通常地鐵很擁擠，以至于我找不到坐的地方。5We dont have the_same work hours that office workers in the city have.我們和城市里在辦公室工作的人的上班時間不同。學(xué)考對接活學(xué)活用高考采擷(一)閱讀中的詞塊與句式1(2018全國卷閱讀七選五)Do you want a room thats full of life? Professional? Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day？(用本單元短語替換加黑部分)thats_filled_with2(2015重慶高考閱讀C)The late musician Dennis Brain is said to have asked a fellow train passenger to turn off his radio.(用本單元短語替換加黑短語) switch_off3(2012浙江高考閱讀A)As global temperatures rise, they would naturally migrate (遷移) to higher ground but they already occupy the mountaintops.They cant go any higher.(用本單元短語替換加黑詞匯) take_up高考采擷(二)寫作中的詞塊與句式(根據(jù)漢語及提示翻譯句子)1(2018全國卷書面表達)我們的排球隊如此優(yōu)秀，以至于在全國中學(xué)排球比賽中兩次獲得冠軍。(so . that .)Our_volleyball_team_was_so_excellent_that_it_won_the_championship_twice_in_national_middle_school_volleyball_matches.2(2017北京高考書面表達)“長江之行”和“泰山之旅”這兩條線路，你認為哪條是我最好的選擇？ (do you think)Of_the_two_routes_to_the_Yangtze_River_and_Mount_Tai,_which_do_you_think_is_the_best_choice_for_me?(二)課堂重點釋疑短語集釋1go off (鈴、爆竹等)響；爆炸；離開；(食物等)變質(zhì)；(電燈)熄滅，(電)中斷，停止運行；(質(zhì)量)下降；發(fā)生，進行辨清寫出下列句中g(shù)o off的含義As the water came in the windows, all the lights went off.(燈)熄滅Dont go off without saying goodbye.離開Meat goes off quickly in hot weather. (食物等)變質(zhì)The guard loosened the dogs when the burglar alarm went off.(鈴)響The bomb was set to go off in three hours. 爆炸The meeting went off well without any emergency.發(fā)生，進行記牢go against違背；違反go by 逝去；過去go over 復(fù)習(xí)；仔細檢查go after 追逐；追求go through 經(jīng)歷；檢查；完成；(法案等)通過go out 出去；(燈)熄滅練通用go的相關(guān)短語填空If you go_against nature, it will punish you.They were always ready to go_through fire and water for their motherland.I was reading magazines in the room when all of a sudden the light went_out/off.Being a winner doesnt mean youll always get everything you want, but it does mean youll go_after your goals in ways that are reliable.寫美(2014四川高考書面表達)我們的老師為我們選了很多重要的習(xí)題，同時我復(fù)習(xí)了所有的語言點。Our_teacher_chose_many_important_exercises_for_us,_and_I_went_over_the_language_points_at_the_same_time.2take up 拿起；接受；開始從事；繼續(xù)；占用(時間)；占據(jù)(空間)辨清寫出下列句中take up的含義Are you going to take up the challenge of lasting a whole week without arguing？ 接受He took up the telephone and called his mother. 拿起We tried to find a table for seven, but they were all taken up. 占據(jù)Let me sum up last lesson; after that we take up a new lesson. 繼續(xù)After he retired from office, my father took up painting for a while, but soon lost interest.開始從事記牢take away拿走；奪走take down 寫下，記下；拆卸take in 吸收；理解；欺騙；收容take off 起飛；匆匆離去；脫下；大獲成功take on 接納；雇傭；呈現(xiàn)；承擔(dān)take over 奪?。唤犹?；接管練通介、副詞填空You have to learn to take down the key points even though you dont take them in.When Mr. Green retired, his son took over the business from him.Some people believe that smartphones not only take up our valuable time, but also do great harm to our health.Dont be taken in by products promising to make you lose weight quickly.He witnessed to having seen the man take away the case. In the past few years, the village has taken on a new look.寫美(2018全國卷書面表達)眾所周知，學(xué)習(xí)占據(jù)了我們大部分的時間，所以我們有必要做運動。As_is_known_to_all,_study_takes_up_most_of_our_time,_so_its_necessary_for_us_to_do_sports.3e up with 提出；想出；趕上記牢e up被提出；走近；上來；發(fā)芽e about 發(fā)生e on 來吧；趕快；進行e out 出版；出來；出現(xiàn)；結(jié)果是e to 蘇醒；總計；達到e across (偶然)遇見；發(fā)現(xiàn)；被理解when it es to . 當(dāng)談到時練通介、副詞填空In order to prevent this case ing about again, we should improve our awareness of saving and recycling water.The plan of protecting the environment came up at the meeting last year.When it es to students surfing the Internet, some people think s